Nere_Tesfai_Arroyo

__** // The Five Crusad​es // **__

The First Crusade played a very important role in Midieval England. The First Crusade happened because the Muslims recaptured Jerusalem & the Christains wanted it because it was a holy land where Jesus Christ used to live in. After the capture of Jerusalem by the Muslims, any Christian who wanted to pay a pilgrimage to the city faced a very difficult time. Muslim soldiers made life very hard for Christians by trying to get to Jerusalem that was filled with danger for them, which greatly angered all Christians. Pope Urban II persuaded the knights of Western Europe to join the First Crusade in order to retake the holy lands from the Muslims. The Crusaders were bloodthirsty and killed men, women, & children. The Crusaders were victorious and established four colonies including one in Jerusalem. The First Crusade
 * __ The First Crusade __**



The Second Crusade __ ** In Europe, people were very unhappy to hear that the Turks, along with a mamluk general named Zangi, had taken the Syrian city of Edessa. The Pope ordered Bernard of Clairvaux(in France) to preach a second crusade in order to defeat Zangi. The young king of France Louis VII(who was 23 years old at the time) agreed to go along with the queen, Eleanor of Aquitaine(who was only 22 years old). Conrad III of Germany, the Holy Roman Emporer also was became involved. However, unlike the first, it was unsuccessful. Most of Conrad's soldiers were killed while marching through Turkey. When Louis & Conrad reached Jerusalem, they decided to attack Damarus, another city, to make up for the loss of Edessa. This eventually failed. The Second Crusade
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**__The Third Crusade __ ** It was a terrorizing year for Christians but a celebration for Muslims. After the second crusade Muslims found Saladin, the leader of a holy war against the Christians. He was very strict when it comes to his chosen religion. Saladin was very devout in prayers and fasting also vicious towards unbelievers and full of the pride of race. When Saladin captures Jerusalem in 1187 he made himself sultan of Egypt, as well as united the Moslems of Syria plus advanced against the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem. This was the last straw to the Christians therefore the 3 crusade started. The Christians met him in a great battle near the lake of Galilee. It ended horrifically for the Christians not only were there king capture but on the other hand there holy cross that they held during this tragic defeat became the spoil of the conqueror. Saladin dance in glory for his pleasing victory. The Christian cities of Syria opened their gates to him, and eventually Jerusalem itself surrendered. The Third Crusade



Pope Innocent asked European leaders to participate in the fourth crusade; the pope wanted to recapture Jerusalem from the Ayyubids. By this time, Saladin was already dead. They made a plan for the armies to sail to Egypt & then come up to Jerusalem. However, they needed ships to carry everyone to Egypt, so the Crusaders made a deal with the Venetians. The Crusaders didn't have enough money to pay for all of the ships at the moment so they agreed for the Crusaders to help them fight to get back the city of Zara, which was a Christain city. The pope didn't like this so he excommunicated all of the Crusaders. They were successful in getting back the city of Zara & were on their way to Egypt when Alexius Comnenus asked them to help him get his power back in the city of Constantinople. He promised he would pay them back by paying for the rest of the Crusade. The Crusaders agreed & helped Alexius, along with the Venetians, until he gained his power again. However, he couldn't get the money he promised. Alexius tried raising taxes when this action made him so unpopular that him & his father were killed & replaced with a new emperor. Later, the Crusaders and Venetians invaded Constaninople and took huge amounts of money, gold, & other jewels, then went home. The pope, then, let them back into the church. The Crusaders never did reach Jerusalem. The Fourth Crusade
 * __ The Fourth Crusade __**

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There were two different crusades-one from France & the other from Germany. The French Crusade was led by a 12-year-old boy named Stephen of Cloyes who convinced many children that he recieved a letter from Jesus & his desire to recapture the Holy Land. So, he gathered 30,000 children & marched through France while the Roman Catholic Church wasn't too sure about this. Also, these were This incredibly long journey caused many to give up & many others died of exhaustion. The children boarded seven boats in Marseilles to sail across the Medditeranean Sea & that was the last anyone ever heard of them. However, one priest claimed that he met a few of the surviving children(who were adults) & told everyone that two of the ships sunk, with no survivors, & pirates captured the other five & sold the remaining children into slavery. Despite this information, many historians think he was given wrong information because there is no proof that any of this is, in fact, true. The German Crusade didn't end as bad. This Crusade was led by a boy named Nicholas who shared the same dream as Stephen-capture Jerusalem. He had 20,000 followers, but unlike the first Crusade, this one had adults such as unmarried women. This journey was also very dangerous & many were killed of the cold when crossing the Alps. When the arrived at Rome, they met the pope, who told admired their bravery but them to return back to Germany because they were too young. So, they returned to Germany, but a lot couldn't make it back alive. A few of them decided to board a ship to the Holy Land but no one knows what happened to them. The Children's Crusade
 * __ The Children's Crusade __**

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**//__Works Cited Page __//** Alchin, Linda K. "The Third Crusade". __Middle Ages__. [|www.middle-ages.org.uk]. 16 July 2006. 10 May 2010 []. Carr, Karen. "The First Crusade". __Kidipede__. History For Kids. 15 Jan 2009. 12 May 2010. []. Carr, Karen. "The Fourth Crusade". __Kidipede__. History For Kids. 15 Jan 2009. 12 May 2010. [] Carr, Karen. "The Second Crusade". __Kidipede__. History For Kids.15 Jan 2009. 12 May 2010. [].

__**Pictures**__ Carr, Karen. "The Fourth Crusade". __Kidipede__. History For Kids. 15 Jan 2009. 12 May 2010. [] "Children's Crusade". __New World Encyclopedia__. MediaWiki. 3 April 2008. 13 May 2010. [|http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Children's_Crusade] Edmond, Molly. "How The Crusades Worked". __HowStuffWorks__. 12 May 2010 []. "Manuel I Comnenus". __Hellenica__. 12 May 2010 []. "The Third Crusade". __English Monarchs__. 12 May 2010 [].