Ellingson_McKay

Cassie, Tyler, and Kyle's Crusade Page

__THE FIRST CRUSADE__: The First Crusade was an attempt to re-capture Jerusalem, a holy land for many Christians the time. This crusade lasted from 1096 to 1099. A Christian emperor named Micheal VIII was worried about Muslim Turks streaming into his empire. He asked Pope Urban II to help him, but Urban hoped to retake the city of Jerusalem instead. Pope Urban called for a crusade, or a "war of the cross". Because the Muslims had captured Jerusalem, it was very difficult for Christians to make a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. This made the Christians very angry, so they agreed when Pope Urban called for a crusade. The christians took back the city in 1099 and killed 70,000 people, ending the first crusade.

__THE__ SECOND CRUSADE: The success of the Christians in the First Crusade was hugely affected by the disunion between their enemies. The fall of the city of Edessa, followed by the entire county falling, threatened the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem and led to another crusade. It took two years for Christian soilders to reach Anotolia and another two years for them to reach Jerusalem.The victorious crusades established four colonies along the eastern Mediterranean coast, including a colonie in Jerusalem. After that the muslims recaptured one of the colonies, prompting the Crusaders to lanch a second crusade. It started in 1147. The Second Crusade had an unhappy ending. Only a few thousand escaped annihilation in Asia Minor at the hands of the Turks. Louis and Conrad, with the remnants of their armies, made a joint attack on Damascus, but had to raise the siege after a few days. This closed the crusade in 1149.

__THE THIRD CRUSADE__: The third crusade started in 1189 because the sultan of egypt Saladin took Jerusalem in 1187. Jerusalem was captured because Christians in Syria opened the gates for the Muslims to invade. The news spread to the three greatest rulers of Europe. They built a giant army to recover the holy city of Jerusalem for themselves. They put 600,000 men to fight and take over the city of Acre. They eventually captured the city in 1191. King Richard made a truce with Saladin that Christians could visit the holy land without tribute. This ended the third crusade in 1192.

__THE FOURTH CRUSADE__:

In 1202, western Christians gathered in Venice to try to liberate Jerusalem from the grip of Islam. But the crusaders never made it to the Holy Land. Instead they went to Constantinople, causing much destruction. This devastation eventually led to the fall of the city for the Byzantine Empire. The fall of Constantinople in April 1204 marks the end of the Fourth Crusade. The Crusaders did not immediately turn the wealth of the Empire to the conquest of Jerusalem, for they were fully pre-occupied with simply preserving what they had won**. **

__THE CHILDREN'S CRUSADE__:

The children's crusade began in 1212. The French children were led by Stephen of Cloyes. The German children were led by Nicholas of Cologne. There were about 30,000 children ranging from ages 10 to 18 years old that walked across Europe to the Mediterranean Sea. They believed that God would part the sea for them and deliver the Holy City into their hands because they were innocent and poor. When the sea didn't open, some of the children turned back. A few went to Rome where Pope Innocent III released them from their Crusade vows. A few found ships that claimed would give them free board. The owners of the ships, William the Pig and Hugh the Iron, took them to Africa and sold them as slaves. Most of the children died or were sold as slaves, none reached the Holy City.

__WORKS CITED__: "The Children’s Crusade." //The Children’s Crusade//. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. . We used this website to find out about the Children’s Crusade. . N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. . We used this website to get the pictures of the maps of the crusades.The Crusades . N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. . We used this website to get our picture for the first crusade.The First Crusade "The Fourth Crusade." //The Crusades//. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. . We used this website to find out about the fourth crusade, and we used one of our pictures from this website. "Illustration of the Children’s Crusade." //About.com//. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. . We used this website to get our picture for the children’s crusade. "The Second Crusade." //The Crusades//. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. . We used this website to find out about the second crusade. "St. Bernard Blessing king Louis VII before the Second Crusade." //About.com//. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. . We used this website to get our picture for the second crusade. <span style="display: block; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">"The Third Crusade." //The Crusades//. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. <http://www.middle-ages.org.uk/‌the-third-crusade.htm>. We used this website to find out about the third crusade. <span style="display: block; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. <http://homepages.wmich.edu/‌~p3carney/‌Crusades/‌CS010471.jpg>. We used this website to get our picture for the third crusade.The Third Crusade (1189-1192 AD) <span style="display: block; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; text-align: center;">Trueman, Chris. "What Were The Crusades?" //History Learning Site//. N.p., 2000. Web. 28 Apr. 2010. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk>. We used this website to find out the dates of the different crusades.