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THE MAJOR CRUSADES

**The First Crusade**

The first crusade without a doubt made an impact on history. A citizen of Constantinople, Alexius I, called upon Urban II, the current pope to save his country from the musslims. The pope called to all christans to voulenteer to particapate in this first crusade, and 10,000 appeared. Led by Bishop Adbenar, the christans seeking tax free lives, gaurenteed pass into heaven, and wealth from Jerusalem, organized and moved to the holy land in unsantiatory conditions. Ultimataly under unfavorable conditions the crusaders took Jerusalem, and killed over 70,000 Musslims(Trueman).

(Link #1)See also how the church influnced people's lives at this website from the "History Learning Site." The Medieval Church


 * The Second Crusade **[[image:http://www.appliedlanguage.com/flags_of_the_world/large_flag_of_turkey.gif caption="(Patani and Turkey) This is a Flag of the Turks. THis falg is used in the second crusade because at the end of the war, this was the flag flying."]]

The year is 1146, and Jerusalem is overwhelmed to a now united musslim force. Having been influnced by the church, Louis VII of France and Conrad III of Germany, marched to Asia Minor after a nominal assembly. The objective is to defeat the Turks. However the Crusade was annialhed in Asia minor after a brutal encounter with the Turks. The Crusade was seiging the city of Demacsus, when loss of supplies and manpower was reduced to a fraction. The Second Crusade is considered to be a total failure for Christanity(Second).

(Link #2)See also this site about Turkish Culture to better understand where the Turks were coming from. Turkish Culture
 * The Third Crudsade **[[image:http://www.utoronto.ca/stmikes/kelly/images/holy_lion_saladin.jpg caption="(University of St. Michael's College) This image shows what an artist's interpetation of Richard (left) and Saladin (right) might have looked like."]]

 On the Christan side of the battle field is Richard the Lion Heart, and on the other, the great Muslim Leader Saladin(Trueman). Saladin, or Salah al-Din Yusuf, defeated the King of Jerusalem at the Battle of Hattin near the Lake of Galilee. This victory caused the christans fear, and The pope, Gregory VIII, called upon a crusade immediatly after hearing the news in 1189. The large Crusade of English, French, and Greman christans traveled along the coast and in the journey lost many men and supplies. In fact the loss of suplies was so grave the Salah al-Din Yusuf felt as though he must act on a muslim belife of help those in need. Salah al-Din sent Richard's army fresh water and fruit. Although this act of kindness my suggest friendly intentions, the convy that delived the suplies where used as spies to scout Richard's forces. The information that Salah al-Din received prompted him to accepet a truce with Richard. Although both sides dislike the truce, the Third Crusade ended in 1192(Trueman). "The first Crusader army formed in a gallant, chivalric manner, as a by-product of a tournament help in Champagne in November 1199(Knox)." Including nobles from the third Crusade, many nations added to the mass of the asslembling third Crusade. With over two hundred ships, the Crusaders took the city of Zara, a christan city, against the pope's wishes. The Crusaders arrived in Constantinople in 1203. After a great sige and assult, the crsusaders took the great city, gaing great weath and power. This attack upon Greek Christans caused great wealth, but also caused increased religious intolerance and loss of papal power(Knox). ** The Children's Crusade **
 * The Forth Crusade **[[image:http://www.greece.org/romiosini/fall.gif]]



The children's crusade of 1212 was fought upon three fronts. The baltic coast, the languedoc, and spain are the locations the brave children showed conflict. Although a large movement, the crusade was spontaious, Nicolas of colonge and Stephan, the shepard boy who claimed to have a vision of children and shrepeards being led by christ began the crusade.Stephan acted upon his vision and led childern and parets to pairs with thier slogan of "Lord God, exault christanity, restore the true cross to us(Rilyer-Smith 180)." This provoked hysteria in children in Germany and France. The children belived that the seas before them would dry up to let them pass so that they would take Juruslasm. Being one of two movements of the crusade, children arrived in Genoa, only to find the promised dry sea to be still be full of water. Disapointed most of the followers disbannded(Stalcup). The other group, led my Nicolas, arrived in Rome with heavy casulties. The children's cursade ends here, when the Pope simply told them to go home(Kreis).. Games and Extras Couldn't figure out how to Embed. Link to Castle Crashers. (Link #3)[|Map_Jerusalem.JPG] See Jerusalem In the Medieval Era with this Link! Here is a great game to advance your knowledge ! Kid's Castle

Links = Under first crusade, Under second crusade, Under Games and Extras.

"Fall of Constantinople, The." Romiosini. 2010. Greece.Org. May 5, 2010  Knox, Skip. "Battle for Constantinople, The." Fourth Crusade. 21 Jan 2009. Crusades. May 1, 2010.  Knox, Skip. "Crusaders Assemble, The." Fourth Crusade. 21 Jan 2009. Crusades. May 1, 2010.  Knox, Skip. "Zara." Fourth Crusade. 21 Jan 2009. Crusades. May 1, 2010  Kreis, Stevenl. "Children's Crusades(1212), The." History Guide, The. 28 Feb 2008. Internet Medieval Source Book. April 23, 2010. <[|www.historyguide.org/ancient/children.html]> "Patani and Turkey: What’s the connection?" Jan 19, 2010. Online Image. New Mandala. May 1, 2010. <[|large_flag_of_turkey.gif] > Rilyer-Smith. "Crusades, The." Chelsea: Jonathan Riley-Smith,1987. Trueman, Chris. "First Crusade, The." History Learning Site. 2010. History Learning Site. 26 April 2010. <[]> Trueman, Chris. "Third Crusade, The." History Learning Site. 2010. History Learning Site. 28 April 2010. <[]> Trueman, Chris. "Saladin." History Learning Site. 2010. History Learning Site. 29 April 2010. < []> <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt;">"Song#5: Children’s crusade.” Dec 23, 2003. Online image. Kilroy Café. April 22, 2010. < []>. "Second Crusade, The." 2010. The Middle Ages Website. April 27, 2010. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px;">< []> Stalcup, Brenda. "Crusades, The." San Diego: Greenhaven Press, Inc, 2000. "From Those Wonderful People Who Brought You the Inquisition!" May 25, 2009. Online Image. What Really Happened. April 26, 2010. <[]> "University of St. Michael's College" 2010. Online Image. Kelly Librart Documentaries: Medieval Studies. April 29, 2010. <http://www.utoronto.ca/stmikes/kelly/images/holy_lion_saladin.jpg>